Emerging infectious diseases are defined as newly identified or re-emerging diseases that are caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. These diseases can spread rapidly and cause severe illness and even death in humans and animals. The recent outbreak of COVID-19 is a clear example of how an emerging infectious disease can disrupt normal life and cause widespread panic and fear.
Emerging infectious diseases can arise from several sources, including the emergence of new strains of existing pathogens, the mutation of existing pathogens, and the re-emergence of diseases that have been previously controlled or eradicated. The increasing global travel and trade, as well as the destruction of natural habitats, have also played a role in the emergence of new diseases.
To protect yourself and your community from the spread of emerging infectious diseases, it is important to take safety precautions. Some of these precautions include:
Wash your hands regularly: This is one of the simplest and most effective ways to prevent the spread of disease. Wash your hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after coming into contact with surfaces that may be contaminated.
Wear a mask: Wearing a mask can help reduce the spread of droplets that may contain the virus or bacteria. When wearing a mask, make sure to cover your nose and mouth and avoid touching the mask while wearing it.
Avoid close contact with people who are sick: If you are feeling unwell or know someone who is sick, it is important to stay away from others to reduce the risk of spreading the disease.
Practice good respiratory hygiene: Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze, and dispose of the tissue immediately. If you do not have a tissue, cough or sneeze into your elbow instead of your hand.
Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects: This includes doorknobs, light switches, telephones, and other surfaces that are frequently touched. Use a disinfectant to clean these surfaces regularly.
Stay informed: Keep up to date with the latest information from trusted sources such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to stay informed about the latest developments and recommendations.
In conclusion, emerging infectious diseases can be a major threat to public health, but taking simple precautions can help reduce the risk of infection. By following the guidelines outlined above, you can help protect yourself and your community from the spread of disease.